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    • 专利摘要:
    CARPET WITH A SHADOW EFFECT AND METHOD FOR WEAVING A CARPET WEAVE WITH A SHADOW EFFECT Carpet with a shadow effect comprising a ground fabric with weft threads (S) and tension warp threads (SI, S2), and pile warp threads (P) tied therein, where the weft threads (S) are provided in repeated groups (G), of which a first (G1) and a second group (G2) have a first and a second relative positioning of the weft threads (S) thereof, respectively, with a substantially mutually mirror-symmetrical arrangement with respect to a symmetry plane extending in the weft direction (Syl) and / or wherein in the first and second relative positioning weft threads (S), which are positioned in a first (E1) and a second group end region (E2) in warp direction, have a different relative positioning with respect to at least one tension warp thread (S1, S2 ) to have.
    公开号:BE1021026B1
    申请号:E2013/0349
    申请日:2013-05-17
    公开日:2015-01-27
    发明作者:Charles Beauduin；Johny Debaes
    申请人:Nv Michel Van De Wiele；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    CARPET WITH A SHADOW EFFECT AND METHOD FOR WEAVING A CARPET FABRIC WITH A SHADOW EFFECT
    The present invention relates to a carpet with a shadow effect and furthermore relates to a method for weaving a carpet fabric with a shadow effect.
    To provide a carpet with a textured pattern or a color pattern on its front side, ie the side that can be seen when the carpet is positioned on a floor, it is known to use warp threads of different colors to provide a pattern or to use textured weave elements such as, for example, cut pile, pile loops or ribs or combinations thereof to provide a textured pattern on the front of the carpet. Even a combination of such weaving structures with differently colored pile warp threads for providing the cut poles, the pile loops or the ribs is known.
    It is an object of the present invention to provide a carpet with a shadow effect and a method for weaving a carpet fabric with a shadow effect by means of which a visually recognizable pattern can be provided on a front side of the carpet in a simple manner.
    According to a first aspect of the present invention, this object is achieved by a carpet with a shadow effect, which comprises a base fabric, which fabric has weft threads and tension warp threads, further comprising pile warp threads, which are tied off around the weft threads and form pile elements, wherein the pile elements weft threads in groups of weft threads that repeatedly appear in a warp direction are provided, with each group of weft threads providing relative positioning of the weft threads thereof with respect to at least one tension warp thread, a weft thread of a group being positioned on a pole side with respect to a tension warp thread or on a backside relative to this tension warp thread in a respective relative positioning, a first group of weft threads has a first relative positioning of the weft threads thereof and a second group has a second relative positioning of the weft threads thereof, which v differs from the first relative positioning, wherein the first relative positioning and the second relative positioning provide a substantially mirror symmetrical arrangement with respect to each other relative to a plane of symmetry extending in the weft direction, and / or wherein in the first relative positioning and the second relative positioning weft threads positioned in a first group end region in the warp direction, and weft threads positioned in a second group end region in the warp direction have a different relative positioning with respect to at least one tension warp thread.
    With the provision of such groups of weft threads in a carpet, a special orientation of the pile elements formed by the pile warp threads can be obtained and varied as a result of an interaction of the pile warp threads visible on the front side of the carpet with these weft threads across the front of the carpet. As a result of such a variation of the orientation, ie inclination of the pile elements formed by the pile warp threads, such a carpet has such a varying light reflection capacity over the front that a pattern appears that is visually recognizable and may also vary when a such a carpet is viewed from different directions and at different angles. Such a carpet with a shadow effect structure can be woven with colored yarn or can be woven with uncoloured yarn and can later be dyed individually, for example in a color bath, according to the wishes of a customer. In this case, for example, polyamide material or polyester material could be used for the pile warp threads. After applying a color to such a carpet, the pattern provided by the shadow effect can be clearly seen on the front of the carpet. This reduces delivery times and the need to maintain a stock of yarns in different colors or for carpets in different colors.
    For a clearer definition of the above-mentioned symmetry plane, it can be specified that this plane not only extends in the weft direction, but moreover is perpendicular to a plane containing the weft direction and the warp direction.
    Such carpets with a shadow effect are provided with simpler variations on their fronts and can therefore be combined with modern interiors. In particular, such carpets can also be used for wall-to-wall applications.
    For generating a special pattern on the front of a carpet by adjusting the slope of the pile elements, for example pile legs or pile loops, it is proposed that at least one first group is arranged immediately adjacent to a first group in the warp direction, and / or at least one second group is provided immediately adjacent to a second group in the warp direction, and / or that at least one first group is provided immediately adjacent to a second group in the warp direction.
    To increase the variety of pole element positions to obtain a desired pattern, it is further proposed that a third group has a third relative positioning of the weft threads thereof, different from the first relative positioning and the second relative positioning, wherein at least one third group is positioned between two first groups and / or between two second groups and / or between a first group and a second group.
    For distinguishing such a third group of weft threads from the first and second groups of weft threads, it is proposed that the weft threads of the third group are arranged substantially mirror-symmetrically with respect to each other with respect to a plane of symmetry which extends in the weft direction and is positioned in a central region of the third group in warp direction, and / or a weft thread positioned in a first group end region of a third group in the warp direction, and a weft thread which is positioned in a second group end region of the same third group is positioned in the warp direction, have the same relative positioning with respect to at least one tension warp thread. Again, the above-mentioned plane of symmetry can be more clearly defined as a plane that not only extends in the weft direction, but is also substantially perpendicular to a plane that contains the weft direction and the warp direction.
    According to a further aspect of the invention, it is proposed that a plurality of warp thread systems extending in the warp direction are provided side by side, a row of pole elements extending in the warp direction being provided by each warp thread system.
    To provide sufficient stability in the base fabric of the carpet according to the present invention, it is proposed that at least one warp thread system, preferably a plurality of warp thread systems, furthermore preferably each warp thread system, comprises at least one tension warp thread.
    Further, at least one row of pole elements may include at least one change in the type of pole warp threads used to provide the pole elements. The pile warp threads, which are not used for forming pile elements, can be bonded in the ground fabric. By changing the pile warp threads used to form the pole elements, it is possible to provide a color change, for example by using differently colored weft threads or by using different structured pile warp threads or pile warp threads made of different materials that come into contact with a color, after the carpet has been woven, provide different color effects.
    The stability and volume of the ground fabric can further be increased if at least one warp thread system, preferably a plurality of warp thread systems, furthermore preferably each warp thread system, comprises two tension warp threads, which preferably with respect to each other in a direction from the pole side to the backside are shifted, and / or if tension warp threads of different warp thread systems are shifted relative to each other in a direction from the pole side to the backside.
    In order to ensure that the two tension warp threads of a warp thread system remain positioned with respect to one another, it is proposed that two tension warp threads in the direction from the pile side to the backside through at least one weft thread, preferably of a first group of weft threads and / or or a second group of weft threads are separated.
    According to a further preferred aspect of the invention, it is proposed that each first group of weft threads and / or every second group of weft threads and / or every third group of weft threads comprises at least one weft thread which is positioned on the pole side of the two tension warp threads, and at least one weft thread, which is positioned on the back of the two tension warp threads. This leads to a further increase in the volume of the ground tissue. Such relative positioning of the weft threads can also be used in warp thread systems that have only a single tension warp thread.
    According to a further aspect, each first group of weft threads and / or every second group of weft threads may comprise at least one weft thread, which is positioned between the two tension warp threads.
    The strength of the ground fabric and the defined positioning of the pile warp threads bound in the ground fabric can be increased if at least one warp thread system, preferably a plurality of warp thread systems, furthermore preferably each warp thread system, comprises at least one warp warp thread.
    According to a further favorable aspect of the invention, a first group and a second group and preferably a third group can comprise three weft threads, and / or a first group and a second group and preferably a third group can comprise the same number of weft threads. According to a very favorable aspect of the invention, all groups, i.e. all first groups, second groups and preferably third groups, may comprise three weft threads and / or the same number of weft threads.
    To increase the quality of the pattern by providing a defined positioning of the pile elements that can be seen at the front of the carpet, it is proposed that a pile element, preferably two pile elements, in at least one area, in which two groups are adjacent to each other, are provided, and / or pole elements are provided substantially only in an area in which two groups are adjacent to each other.
    By providing the aforementioned groups of weft threads and binding the pile warp threads around these weft threads in a defined manner, the shadow effect and thereby a pattern visible at the front of the carpet is generated due to the slope or non-slope of the pole elements.
    According to a further aspect of the invention it is therefore proposed that in an area in which a first group and a further first group are adjacent to each other, at least one pole leg or a pole loop providing a pole element in the warp direction in a first direction orientation is inclined, and in an area in which a second group and a further second group are adjacent to each other, at least one pole leg or a pole loop, which provides a pole element, in the warp direction in a second orientation, which is opposite to the first orientation is inclined, and / or in an area in which a first group is adjacent to a second group, or in an area in which a third group is adjacent to a third group, at least one pole leg or a pole loop, which is a pole element provided, is substantially not inclined in the warp direction, and / or in a region in which a third group is adjacent to a first group or a second group, at least one pole leg or pole loop, which is n pole element is provided, is inclined in the warp direction or is essentially not inclined.
    To increase the variability of the pattern provided on a carpet, it is proposed that between at least two adjacent groups of weft threads a binding element different from the first group of weft threads, the second group of weft threads and the third group of weft threads is provided, wherein the binding element comprises at least one weft thread, preferably a plurality of weft threads, which are shifted relative to each other in the warp direction and / or the direction from the pile side to the back side. This means that it is not necessary for the above-mentioned groups of weft threads to be positioned immediately side by side over a whole carpet. Instead, between two of such groups or in certain areas of the carpet, additional binding elements having one or a plurality of weft threads and possibly including pile warp threads tied around such weft threads may be provided.
    To improve the stability and durability of the carpet of the present invention, particularly in high humidity environments, it is proposed that at least one weft thread, preferably all weft threads (S) of at least one set of weft threads, be fibrillated yarn and / or is made of polypropylene material.
    In order to provide a stable contact between the carpet of the present invention and a floor supporting such a carpet, it is proposed that a ground contact material, preferably latex material, is provided on the back, which preferably engages in the ground fabric.
    According to a further aspect of the present invention, the above object is achieved by a method for weaving at least one carpet fabric with a shadow effect, in particular according to one of the preceding claims, wherein in connection with at least one reed opening, preferably a plurality of of reed openings, furthermore preferably each reed opening, of a weaving machine is provided a warp thread system for providing a row of pile elements extending in a warp direction, the warp thread system comprising at least one pile warp thread, preferably at least two pile warp threads, and in conjunction with each carpet to be woven comprises at least one tension warp thread and at least one binding warp thread for providing a base fabric together with weft threads, wherein at least a part of the tension warp threads, preferably each tension warp thread, is moved by means of a Jacquard machine to form a yawn.
    By forming a shed for inserting weft threads by moving at least a part of the tension warp threads, preferably each tension warp thread, by means of a Jacquard machine, it is possible to adjust the number of necessary weft thread insertion means for obtaining different positions of weft threads with respect to at least one tension warp thread, while ensuring a high variability in the positioning of the tension warp threads relative to the weft threads.
    According to a particularly advantageous aspect of the present invention, two carpet fabrics which are interconnected by pile warp threads and separated from one another by cutting through the pile warp threads, and / or at least one warp thread system in connection with at least one carpet weave can be two warp warp threads which are preferably shifted with respect to each other in a direction from a pole side to a back side, and / or tension warp threads of different warp thread systems can be shifted relative to each other in a direction from a pole side to a back side. This can be achieved by positioning a certain weft thread on a pole side with respect to a tension warp thread, for example the single tension warp thread of one warp thread system, and positioning the same weft thread on the backside with respect to a tension warp thread, for example the only tension warp thread of an immediate adjacent warp thread system.
    Alternatively or additionally, weft threads may be introduced by means of a single weft thread insertion means, preferably gripper mechanism, per each carpet fabric to be woven into a predetermined weft thread insertion surface.
    The aspect of moving the tension warp threads by means of a Jacquard machine can be used in a very favorable manner if the tension warp threads are moved to generate groups of weft threads that repeatedly appear in each fabric in such a way that a first group of weft threads has a first relative positioning of the weft threads thereof with respect to a tension warp thread and a second group has a second relative positioning of the weft threads thereof with respect to a tension warp thread, which differs from the first relative positioning, wherein the first relative positioning and the second relative positioning is substantially mirror symmetrical with respect to each other with respect to a plane of symmetry extending in the weft direction, and / or in the first relative positioning and the second relative positioning weft threads that are positioned in a first group end region in the warp direction and weft threads positioned in a second group end region in the warp direction have a different relative positioning with respect to at least one tension warp thread, wherein in a relative positioning a respective weft thread of a group on a pole side of a tension warp thread or on the back of this tension warp thread is positioned.
    A contact between a carpet to be woven with such a method according to the present invention and the floor supporting the carpet can be improved if a floor contact material, preferably latex material, is provided on a backside of at least one fabric, which is preferably in the ground fabric. grabs.
    In the following, the present invention will be explained with reference to the drawings, in which:
    FIG. 1 shows, in conjunction with a warp thread system, a weaving structure of two carpet fabrics, woven towards one another to obtain two carpets, in particular wall-to-wall carpets, with a shadow effect;
    FIG. 2 shows the weave structure of a warp thread system that is positioned adjacent to the warp thread system of FIG. 1;
    FIG. 3 shows an alternative weave structure of a warp thread system;
    FIG. 4 shows the weaving structure of a warp thread system that is positioned adjacent to the warp thread system of FIG. 3;
    FIG. 5 shows a further alternative weave structure of a warp thread system;
    FIG. 6 shows the weave structure of a warp thread system that is positioned adjacent to the warp thread system of FIG. 5.
    FIG. 1 shows a section in the longitudinal direction, i.e. a section in a warp direction of two carpet fabrics St1, St2, which are woven facing each other and are connected to each other by means of pile warp threads Pj, Pj, P2, P2. Fig. 1 shows the contents of one reed opening, i.e. one warp thread system. The two fabrics St1, St2 can be separated from each other by severing the pile warp threads Pj, P1, P2, P2 between the two fabrics St1, St2, such that pile legs PS, which form pole elements, appear at respective pole points PP in each carpet provided by a carpet fabric St1, St2.
    As is apparent from FIG. 1, the two fabrics St1, St2 are substantially identical with respect to each other, so that in the following, the description of a respective carpet fabric St1, St2 is given essentially with respect to the upper fabric St1 in FIG. 1.
    In each fabric St1, St2, groups G1, G2 and G3 of weft threads S are provided. Furthermore, the fabric St1, and therefore also the fabric St2, comprises two tension warp threads S1, S2, which are shifted relative to each other from a pole side SP to a back side SB. It should be noted that the pile side SP forms the front of a carpet, which front can be seen when the carpet is positioned on a floor. The backside SB is the side of the carpet that will be in contact with the floor.
    Each fabric St1, St2 further comprises, in conjunction with each warp thread system, a tie warp thread B, such that, associated with at least one warp thread system, a base fabric BF of a respective weave St1, St2 the two tension warp threads S1, S2, the weft threads S1 and the binding warp thread B.
    In this context, it should be noted that such a warp thread system, as shown in Fig. 1, is a group of warp threads that coincide with one reed opening of a weaving comb during a weaving process. A carpet and the respective carpet fabrics St1, St2 are formed by a plurality of such warp thread systems, which are positioned side by side in the weft direction.
    FIG. 2 shows another warp thread system which, for example, can be positioned immediately adjacent to the warp thread system of FIG. 1 in the fabrics St1, St2. As can be seen in Figures 1 and 2, the weaving structures used in conjunction with these two different warp thread systems can be quite similar to each other. A major difference is that the binding warp threads B of these two warp thread systems, which binding warp threads B are used in substantially the same way in both warp thread systems, are shifted relative to each other in the warp direction, so that each of the weft threads S, which on the pole side SP of the two fabrics St1, St2 are positioned, are fixed by a tie warp thread B at a plurality of locations in the weft direction. A carpet can be assembled with these two warp thread systems, which are positioned adjacent to each other in an alternately repeated manner. Of course, other additional weaving structures of warp thread systems can be used. It should further be noted that not all warp thread systems must necessarily have the same number of warp threads and contain the same types of warp threads.
    Due to the fact that the warp thread system shown in Fig. 2 has substantially the same structure as the warp thread system of Fig. 1 with respect to the aspects essential to the present invention, the present invention becomes substantially explained with reference to the warp thread system shown in Fig. 1.
    In the different groups G1, G2, G3 of weft threads, shown in Fig. 1, the weft threads S used to form these groups are provided in different positions with respect to the two tension warp threads S1, S2. For example, a weft thread S is provided in a first group end region E1 of a first group G1 positioned on the pole side SP of both tension warp threads S1, S2. A weft thread S provided in a second group end region E2 of a respective first group G1 is positioned on the backside SB of both tension warp threads S1, S2. The third weft thread S of each first group G1 is positioned between the two tension warp threads S1, S2 and is therefore positioned between the two weft threads S positioned in the two group end regions E1, E2 in a direction from the back side SB to the pole side SP.
    The arrangement of the weft threads S of the second groups G2 is substantially mirror-symmetrical with respect to a plane of symmetry Syl, which is shown in Fig. 1 as a plane extending in the weft direction and which is substantially perpendicular to the warp direction . This means that a weft thread S, which is located in a first group end region E1 of a second group G2, is positioned on the backside SB of the two tension warp threads S1, S2, while the weft thread S, which is located in the other group end region E2 of a respective second group G2, is positioned on the pole side SP of the two tension warp threads S1, S2. The third weft thread S, which is located in a central region of the second groups G2, is positioned between the two tension warp threads S1, S2.
    In the third groups G3, the arrangement of the weft threads S is substantially mirror symmetrical with respect to a plane of symmetry Sy2, which is also shown as a plane extending in the weft direction and perpendicular to the warp direction. This means that, for example, the two weft threads S, which are positioned in the two group end regions E1, E2, are positioned on the backside SB of both tension warp threads S1, S2, while the weft thread positioned in the middle of the third groups G3 is between the two tension warp threads S1 S2 is positioned on the pole side SP of the two tension warp threads S1, S2. This means that two different types of third groups G3 can exist.
    The pile warp threads P1, Pj, P2, P2, which are used to generate pile legs PS as pile elements in the fabrics St1, St2, are alternately tied around weft threads S, which are connected to the upper fabric St1, and to weft threads S, which are connected to the lower tissue St2. The weaving structure used is a so-called 3 / 6W bond, in which in each group the pile warp thread originating from the other fabric is tied around a weft thread positioned in one group end region E1, E2 on the backside SB, then around the weft in the middle of this group the weft thread positioned thereof on its pole side SP is guided and finally tied off around the weft thread positioned in the other group end region E2, E1 on its backside SB. This leads to a structure in which in each area in which two groups G1, G1 or G1, G2 or G1, G3 or G2, G3 are immediately adjacent to each other, pole points PP are formed by two pole legs PS after cutting the pole warp threads Pi, P 1, P 2, P 2.
    The two pile warp threads P1, P1 or P2, P2, which are used simultaneously to form pile points PP, are tied around the basic fabrics BF of the two fabrics St1, St2, such that in these two fabrics St1, St2 a substantially mirror-symmetrical arrangement of the pile warp threads and the pile legs formed by them is obtained.
    Depending on the type of groups that are positioned immediately adjacent to each other, these pole legs PS will be inclined or not inclined in the chain direction. For example, in the area in which the plane of symmetry Syl is shown in Fig. 1, the two pole legs PS will be oriented substantially perpendicular to the warp direction, i.e. they will not be inclined. In an area in which two first groups G1 are positioned immediately adjacent to each other, due to the fact that the two immediately adjacent weft threads S of different groups are shifted relative to each other in the direction from the pole side SP to the backside SB, the two pole legs PS slope to the left in fig. 1. In an area in which two second groups G2 are adjacent to each other, the two pole legs PS, which form a pole point PP, will also be inclined, but to the other side, ie the right-hand side in Fig. 1. In areas in which a first group G1 or a second group G2 is positioned immediately adjacent to a third group G3, the slope direction of the pole legs will depend on the relative positioning of these two groups. For example, if in Fig. 1 a second group G2 is positioned on the left side of a third group G3, the pole legs PS, which provide the pole point PP in this area, will be inclined to the right side in Fig. 1, ie in the same direction, which will occur in an area in which two second groups of G2 are positioned adjacent to each other. If the second group G2 is positioned on the right-hand side of the third group G3, due to the fact that the immediately adjacent weft threads S of these two different groups will both be positioned on the backside SB relative to the two tension warp threads S1, S2 the pole legs PS are substantially not sloping in this area. It is clear that the same situation applies if a first group G1 is positioned immediately adjacent to the third group G3. By combining the respective groups G1, G2 and G3 in a predefined sequence in the warp direction, it is possible to control the slope of the pole legs PS in certain areas of the fabrics St1, St2 and thereby generate a structural pattern, that on the pile side SP, ie the front of a carpet, can be seen. This pattern will appear regardless of the color of the pile warp threads used to provide these pile legs PS. Obviously, the use of different colors may emphasize the pattern or lead to an additional pattern that is superimposed on the pattern provided by the slope of the pole legs PS.
    For example, as can be seen in FIG. 1, in the area where a first group G1 is immediately adjacent to a second group G2, there may be a change in the pile warp threads used to provide the pile legs PS from pile warp threads Pi , Pj, represented as dashed lines, in polar warp threads P2, P2, represented as black lines. Before the pile warp threads P2, P2 begin forming pile elements, they are bonded in a respective fabric St1, St2, preferably in a straight manner and in the same area in which the outer tension warp threads S1, S1 extend, ie the tension warp threads, which are closer are positioned at the back SB of the ground tissue BF. The same applies to the pile warp threads Pi, Pi, which are formed after forming pile elements in the base fabrics BF in a substantially straight manner and in the same area in which the outer tension warp threads S1, S1 extend. By changing the pile warp threads used to form pile legs, it is possible to make a change in the color if colored pile warp threads are used, or to have a change in the color-absorbing characteristic if such a carpet is colored after it is woven. In any case, in such a position where a change in the pile-forming pile warp threads occurs, there is a change in the type of pile warp threads that are used in a particular row of pile elements.
    As can be seen in Figures 1 and 2, to provide the two fabrics St1, St2 with the desired length of the pole legs PS thereof, a lancet L can be used during the weaving process. During this process, the entire weave structure is moved along this lancet L to its free end, which end is positioned on the left in Fig. 1.
    A weaving structure shown in Figures 1 and 2 can be woven on a loom equipped with a Jacquard machine. According to a very favorable aspect of the present invention, this Jacquard machine is used to move the tension warp threads S1, S2 of the two fabrics St1, St2 to form yawns for inserting the weft threads S. This means that in FIGS. 1 and 2 can be woven by using a single weft thread insertion means in conjunction with each fabric St1, St2, ie a total of two weft thread insertion means, for example, gripping mechanisms. All the weft threads S, which are later positioned with respect to one another in the direction from the pile side SP to the backside SB in one fabric, are introduced into one and the same predetermined weft thread insertion surface. Due to the fact that the tension warp threads that are moved by the Jacquard machine are brought under a fairly high tension, the weft threads, after being introduced, will be moved to the backside SB or to the pile side SP, or will be between the two tension warp threads S1, S2 are held. When a Jacquard machine is used to move the tension warp threads S1, S2, it is necessary to ensure that the spring elements used to generate counter forces to lower the insert hooks that guide the tension warp threads S1, S2, be able to provide a sufficient force against the bias of the tension chain wires S1, S2.
    By moving the tension warp threads by means of a Jacquard machine, it is possible to achieve a relatively high variability in the positioning of the weft threads without the necessity of inserting these weft threads into different weft thread insertion surfaces. Furthermore, the Jacquard machine can additionally be used to move the pile warp threads to form the pile elements or to provide them bound in the ground fabrics. If such a variation in the binding structure of the pile warp threads is not necessary, these pile warp threads can also be moved through weaving frames, as is the case with the binding warp threads.
    To increase the volume and stability of the base fabrics BF and to provide improved durability of the fabrics St1, St2, even in environments with high humidity, the weft threads S are preferably made of fibrillated yarns and are furthermore preferably made from polypropylene material. The yarn used to provide the pile warp threads may be colored or uncoloured. If uncoloured pile warp threads are used, then after weaving the fabrics St1, St2 and the carpets formed by these fabrics St1, St2 with a pattern provided by the shadow effect of the sloping pile elements, such a carpet can be dyed in accordance with the wishes of a customer, such that a customized carpet with the shadow effect provided by the inclined pole legs can be obtained.
    It should be noted that in figures 1 and 2 a weaving structure is shown in which, with regard to the arrangement of the different groups G1, G2, G3 of weft threads, the two fabrics St1 and St2 have an identical arrangement such that, for example, when a first group G1 is used in the upper tissue St1 also a first group G1 in the lower tissue St2 is used. This leads to a substantially symmetrical arrangement of the weft threads in the two fabrics St1, St2 with respect to a plane of symmetry extending between two fabrics St1, St2. However, particularly when moving the tension warp threads S1, S2 through a Jacquard machine, it is possible to select the different groups of weft threads for the two fabrics St1, St2 independently of each other. This means that, for example, at a location where in the upper tissue St1 a first group G1 is used, a second group G2 or a third group G3 can be used in the lower tissue St2 and vice versa. As a result, it is possible to produce two fabrics St1, St2, which do not necessarily have a mirror-symmetrical pattern on their pole sides SP.
    Figures 3 and 4 show an alternative embodiment of a weaving structure of a carpet with a shadow effect. As is the case in Figures 1 and 2, Figures 3 and 4 show the warp thread systems associated with two successive reed openings. These two warp thread systems can be repeated alternately in the weft direction
    Each warp thread system comprises two tension warp threads S1, S2 as well as a single warp warp thread B in conjunction with each fabric St1, St2. Furthermore, the warp thread systems shown in Figures 3 and 4 comprise a single pile warp thread P1, two pile warp threads P2 and a single pile warp thread P3. Each of these pile warp threads P1, P2, P2, P3 can be used to form pile legs PS as pile elements at respective pile points PP or can be tied into the fabric St1, St2 in the same area in which the outer tension warp threads S1, SI are applied.
    The weaving structure shown in Figures 3 and 4 is formed from a combination of the 3 / 6W bond shown in Figures 1 and 2 and a 1 / 3V bond. In the left part of Figures 3 and 4, four groups of weft threads S are shown, which are two first groups G1, which are positioned immediately adjacent to each other, and two second groups G2, which are immediately adjacent to each other and following the two first groups G1. positioned. In this region of the two fabrics St1, St2, the two pile warp threads P2, P2 are used to provide the 3 / 6W bond, so that in each pile point PP in each fabric St1, St2 two pile legs PS are present. In this region of the two fabrics St1, St2, the two pile warp threads P1 and P3 extend straight into the base fabrics BF of the two fabrics St1, St2.
    Following the two second groups G2, there is a transition from the 3/6 W bond to the 1/3 V bond. The two pile warp threads P2 stop forming pile elements and are wrapped around weft threads positioned between the two tension warp threads S1, S2 of the upper fabric St1 and on the back of the two tension warp threads S1, S2 of the lower fabric St2 then BF into the soil tissues. In this area where the two pole warp threads P2, P2 are not used to form pole points, the pole warp thread Pi which, in the left part of Figures 3 and 4, is not used to form pole points, is used to form pole points by alternately tying this pile warp thread Pi around the weft threads S, which are positioned on the back sides SB of the base fabrics BF of the fabrics St1, St2.
    In the pile warp thread system shown in FIG. 3, the pile warp thread P1 is used in the entire right-hand side area, while the pile warp thread P3 is still not used to form pile points. In the pile warp thread system shown in Fig. 4, there is a transition between the two pile warp threads P1 and P3 in the area in which the 1/3 V bond is generated. As can be seen, the pile warp thread P1 stops forming pole points by tying this pile warp thread P j around a weft thread S positioned between the two tension warp threads S1, S2 of the lower fabric St2, while the pile warp thread P3 starts forming of pile points by binding this pile warp thread P3 around a weft thread S, which is at the same position in the warp direction and is positioned between the two tension warp threads S1, S2 of the upper fabric St1.
    As can be seen in Figures 3 and 4, each pole point PP in the region in which the 1/3 V bond is generated comprises a single pole leg PS in each of the fabrics St1, St2 after separating these two fabrics from each other. However, the pole point density is the same as in the area in which the 3/6 W bond is provided. It should be noted that, due to the two weft threads S positioned on both sides of the two pile legs PS, formed by the same part of the pile warp threads P1, P3 after separating the two fabrics St1 from each other St2, these two pole legs PS are pressed against each other so that they appear to be present in a single pole point.
    It should be noted that in such a combination of two different weave structures, for example one of the two pile warp threads P2, P2 can be used to form pile elements in the 1 / 3V weaving area, while one or both of the pile warp threads Pi, P3 can be used to form pile elements in the 3 / 6W weaving area. The pile warp threads P1, P2, P2, P3 can be different in color and / or different in structure or material. Naturally, all pile warp threads may have the same color and / or be formed from the same material. Furthermore, it should be noted that in accordance with the desired pattern of a carpet, the areas in which each of these different weave structures is used can be selected without any limitation. Of course, weave structures other than the 1 / 3V bond can be combined with a weave structure that includes the different groups of weft threads and provides the shadow effect. In addition, such other weave structures can be used to provide binding elements that are present between two of the groups G1 and / or G2 of the 3 / 6W bond. For example, such a binding element may comprise only one weft thread in conjunction with each of the fabrics St1, St2 or may comprise a plurality of weft threads which may be located at any position with respect to the tension warp threads S1, S2 of the respective fabrics St1, St2.
    Another alternative weaving structure is shown in Figures 5 and 6. Again, these two figures show two pile warp thread systems associated with two immediately adjacent reed openings. These two pile warp thread systems can be repeated alternately in the weft direction
    A major difference between the weaving structure shown in Figures 5 and 6 and the weaving structure shown in Figures 1 to 4 is that while in the structures of Figures 1 to 4 two weft thread insertion means are used for inserting weft threads S, ie one weft thread insertion means in conjunction with each weave fabric St1, St2, three weft thread insertion means, for example three gripper mechanisms, are used to obtain the weave structure shown in FIGS. In FIGS. 5 and 6, the weft threads S used for forming groups G1, G2 of weft threads are shown as striped or black-colored. Weft threads, represented as cross-shaped circles, are weft threads that may be present but will not usually be present. This can be achieved by using only the other weft thread insertion means in a certain weft thread insertion cycle or by not offering a weft thread to one of the weft thread insertion means, so that no thread is introduced. Weft threads shown as circles that have no color or pattern are auxiliary weft threads A, which are inserted between the two lancets L1, L2 and which, as will be explained later, are used to form pole loops as pole elements.
    In the left-hand part of figures 5 and 6, two first groups G1 adjacent to each other and two second groups G2 adjacent to each other and adjacent to the two first groups G1 are shown. In this region of the fabrics St1, St2 there is a 3 / 8W bond, in which, in the regions where two such groups G1, G2 are adjacent to each other, a respective pole point PP comprising two pole legs PS is generated in each of the two fabrics St1, St2. Depending on whether these pole points PP are present between two first groups G1 or between two second groups G2 or between a first group G1 and a second group G2, the pole legs PS will slope to the left in the warp direction or to the right in the chain direction or will not slope.
    It can be seen in Fig. 5 that, in conjunction with the two first groups G1 positioned on the left, the two pole warp threads P2, P2 are used to form pole points PP. In the area in which the plane of symmetry Syl, i.e. the transition between a first group G1 and a second group G2, is shown, there is a change from the pile warp threads P2, P2 to the pile warp threads P1, P *. It should be noted that this transition occurs by tying off both pile warp threads P2, P1, ie the one that starts forming pile points and the one that ends forming pile points, around weft threads S, which are on the back sides SB of the base tissues BF of the two fabrics St1, St2 are positioned. In the two second groups G2, G2, the pile warp threads Pj, Pi are used to form the pile points PP and pile legs PS, respectively.
    The warp thread systems shown in Figures 5 and 6 comprise, in addition to the two pile warp threads P1, P1 and the two pile warp threads P2, P2, two pile warp threads P3, P3 and two pile warp threads P4, P4. There is a total of eight pile warp threads and a group of four pile warp threads P1, P2, P3, P4 is connected to each of the two fabrics St1, St2 in such a way that in the area in which no pile elements are formed, each of the pile warp threads of a respective group in the associated tissue St1 and St2, respectively. The non-pile-forming pile warp threads are located in the area of the base fabrics BF where the outer tension warp threads S1 are arranged, ie between a weft thread S positioned on the backside SB of the warp warp threads S1 and one between the two tension warp threads S1, S2 of a respective fabric St1 , St2 positioned weft thread S.
    Following the area in which the 3 / 8W bond is generated, ie the area comprising the two first groups G1 and the two second groups G2 on the left of Figures 5 and 6, there is an area in which two first groups G1 and a second group G2 are shown on the right-hand side of Figures 5 and 6. A 3 / 4W loop bond is generated in this area. This means that in the area where two groups G1, G1 or G1, G2 are adjacent to each other, there is no change from the pile warp threads from one of the fabrics to the other weave, but the pile warp threads P3, P4 around the between the two lancets L1, L2 positioned auxiliary weft threads A are tied off. On both sides of such an auxiliary weft thread A, the pile warp threads P3, P4 are tied off around a weft thread S from each of the two adjacent groups. After removing the two fabrics St1, St2 from the lancets L1, L2, these auxiliary weft threads A are pulled out of the pile loops PL, so that these auxiliary weft threads A will not be present in the carpets formed by the fabrics St1, St2. Finally, only the weft threads S used for forming the groups G1, G2 and, if desired, some of the crossed weft threads will be present in certain positions.
    Due to the fact that the pole loops PL are present in the areas in which two groups G1, G2 or G1, G3 are adjacent to each other, the pole loops PL will be inclined depending on the type of the two adjacent groups. In the area in which two first groups G1 are adjacent to each other, the pole loops PL will slope to the left in Figures 5 and 6, since the two weft threads between which such a pole loop PL is formed, with respect to each other in a direction from the back side SB to the pole side SP. In the area where a first group G1 is adjacent to a second group G2, the pole loops PL will not be inclined, and in the area where two second groups G2 are adjacent to each other, the pole loops PL will slope to the right.
    From the above description, it has become clear that in producing a carpet with a shadow effect weave structure, there is a great variation in combining this shadow effect weave structure with other weave structures.
    In addition, the shadow effect weave structure can not only be used to form pile legs in a carpet, but can also be used to provide a carpet or areas in a carpet with pile loops.
    The structures shown can be varied in various aspects. For example, it is possible to use more than one binder warp thread in the warp thread systems and in conjunction with any weave to be weaved, so that it will even be possible to attach each of the weft threads to the base fabric with one and the same pile warp thread system. For example, two tie warp threads could be used in each of the or in at least a portion of the pile warp thread systems and in conjunction with each weave to be woven.
    权利要求:
    Claims (21)
    [1]
    CONCLUSIONS
    A carpet with a shadow effect comprising a base fabric, which fabric has weft threads (S) and tension warp threads (S1, S2), further comprising pile warp threads (P), which are tied off around the weft threads (S) and form pile elements, wherein the weft threads (S) are provided in groups (G) of weft threads that repeatedly appear in a warp direction, wherein each group (G) of weft threads has a relative positioning of the weft threads (S) thereof with respect to at least one tension warp thread (S1) , S2), a weft thread (S) of a group (G) is positioned on a pole side with respect to a tension warp thread (S1, S2) or on a backside with respect to this tension warp thread (S1, S2) in a respective relative positioning , a first group (G1) of weft threads has a first relative positioning of the weft threads (S) thereof and a second group (G2) has a second relative positioning of the weft threads (S) thereof, which is different from the first relative positioning, wherein the first relative positioning and the second relative positioning provide a substantially mirror symmetrical arrangement with respect to each other relative to a plane of symmetry (Syl) extending in the weft direction, and / or the first relative positioning and the second relative positioning weft threads (S) positioned in a first group end region (E1) in the warp direction, and weft threads (S) positioned in a second group end region (E2) in the warp direction, a different have relative positioning with respect to at least one tension warp thread (S1, S2).
    [2]
    The carpet of claim 1, wherein at least one first group (G1) is disposed immediately adjacent to a first group (G1) in the warp direction, and / or at least one second group (G2) is immediately adjacent to a second group (G2) in the warp direction is provided, and / or wherein at least one first group is provided immediately adjacent to a second group (G2) in the warp direction.
    [3]
    The carpet of claim 1 or 2, wherein a third group (G3) has a third relative positioning of the weft threads (S) thereof, different from the first relative positioning and the second relative positioning, wherein at least one third group (G3) is positioned between two first groups (G1) and / or between two second groups (G2) and / or between a first group (G1) and a second group (G2).
    [4]
    Carpet according to claim 3, wherein the weft threads (S) of the third group (G3) are substantially mirror-symmetrical with respect to each other relative to a plane of symmetry (Sy2) extending in the weft direction and arranged in a central region of the third group (G3) positioned in warp direction, and / or a weft thread (S), which is positioned in a first group end region (E1) of a third group (G3) in the warp direction, and a weft thread (S), which is positioned in a chain direction in a second group end region (E2) of the same third group (G3), have the same relative positioning with respect to at least one tension warp thread (S1, S2).
    [5]
    The carpet of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a plurality of warp thread systems extending in the warp direction are provided side by side, a row of pile elements (PS, PL) extending in the warp direction is provided by each warp thread system.
    [6]
    A carpet according to claim 5, wherein at least one warp thread system, preferably a plurality of warp yarn systems, furthermore preferably each warp thread system, has at least one tension warp thread (S1, S2), and / or wherein in at least one row of pile elements (PS, PL) at least one change in the type of pile warp threads (P) used to provide the pile elements (PS, PL) is present.
    [7]
    Carpet according to claim 5 or 6, wherein at least one warp thread system, preferably a plurality of warp thread systems, furthermore preferably each warp thread system, comprises two tension warp threads (S1, S2), which preferably with respect to each other in a direction from the pile side ( SP) are shifted to the backside (SB), and / or wherein tension warp threads (S1, S2) of different warp thread systems are shifted relative to each other in a direction from the pole side (SP) to the backside (SB).
    [8]
    Carpet according to claim 7, wherein two tension warp threads (S1, S2) in the direction from the pile side (SP) to the backside (SB) through at least one weft thread (S), preferably from a first group (G1) of weft threads and / or a second group (G2) of weft threads are separated.
    [9]
    Carpet according to claim 8, wherein each first group (G1) of weft threads and / or every second group (G2) of weft threads and / or every third group (G3) of weft threads has at least one weft thread (S), which on the pile side ( SP) of the two tension warp threads (S1, S2) is positioned, and comprises at least one weft thread (S), which is positioned on the back (SB) of two tension warp threads (S1, S2).
    [10]
    The carpet of claim 8 or 9, wherein each first group (G1) of weft threads and / or each second group (G2) of weft threads comprises at least one weft thread (S) positioned between the two tension warp threads (S1, S2).
    [11]
    The carpet of any one of claims 5 to 10, wherein at least one warp thread system, preferably a plurality of warp thread systems, further preferably each warp thread system, comprises at least one warp warp thread (B).
    [12]
    Carpet according to one of claims 1 to 11, wherein a first group (G1) and a second group (G2) and preferably a third group (G3) comprise three weft threads (S), and / or a first group (G1) and a second group (G2) and preferably a third group (G3) comprise the same number of weft threads (S).
    [13]
    Carpet according to one of claims 1 to 12, wherein a pile element (PS, PL), preferably two pile elements (PS), are provided in at least one area in which two groups (G) are adjacent to each other, and / or pole elements (PS, PL) are provided essentially only in an area in which two groups (G) are adjacent to each other.
    [14]
    The carpet of any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein in an area in which a first group (G1) and a further first group (G1) are adjacent to each other, at least one pile leg (PS) or a pile loop (PL ), which provides a pole element, is inclined in the warp direction in a first orientation, and in a region in which a second group (G2) and a further second group (G2) are adjacent to each other, at least one pole leg (PS) or a pole loop (PL) providing a pole element is inclined in the warp direction in a second orientation, opposite to the first orientation, and / or in an area in which a first group (G1) is adjacent to a second group (G2), or in an area in which a third group (G3) borders a third group (G3), at least one pole leg (PS) or a pole loop (PL), which provides a pole element, in the warp direction is not sloping, and / or in an area in which a third group (G3) borders a first group (G1) or a second group (G2), at least one pole leg (PS) or pole loop (PL), which provides a pole element, is inclined in the warp direction or is essentially not inclined.
    [15]
    The carpet of any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein between at least two adjacent groups (G) of weft threads, a binding element different from the first group (G1) of weft threads, the second group (G2) of weft threads and the third group (G3) of weft threads is provided, wherein the binding element comprises at least one weft thread, preferably a plurality of weft threads, which are shifted relative to each other in the warp direction and / or the direction from the pile side (SP) to the back side (SB ).
    [16]
    Carpet according to one of claims 1 to 15, wherein at least one weft thread (S), preferably all weft threads (S) of at least one group (G) comprises weft threads, fibrillated yarn and / or is made of polypropylene material.
    [17]
    Carpet according to one of claims 1 to 16, wherein a backing contact material, preferably latex material, is provided on the back (SB), which preferably engages in the backing fabric.
    [18]
    Method for weaving at least one carpet fabric (St1, St2) with shadow effect, in particular according to one of the preceding claims, wherein in connection with at least one reed opening, preferably a plurality of reed openings, furthermore preferably each reed opening, of a weaving machine is provided with a warp thread system for providing a row of pile elements extending in a warp direction, the warp thread system comprising at least one pile warp thread (P), preferably at least two pile warp threads (P), and in conjunction with each carpet to be woven (St1, St2) comprises at least one tension warp thread (S1, S2) and at least one binding warp thread (B) for providing a base fabric (BF) together with weft threads (S), at least a part of the tension warp threads (S1, S2), preferably each tension warp thread (S1, S2) is moved by means of a Jacquard machine to form a shed.
    [19]
    A method according to claim 18, wherein two carpet fabrics (St1, St2), which are connected to each other by pile warp threads (P) and separated by cutting the pile warp threads (P), are woven, and / or wherein at least one warp thread system in conjunction with at least one carpet fabric (St1, St2) comprises two tension warp threads (S1, S2), which are preferably shifted with respect to each other in a direction from a pile side (SP) to a backside (SB), and / or tension warp threads (S1, S2) of different warp thread systems with respect to each other in a direction from a pole side (SP) to a backside (SB) are shifted, and / or wherein weft threads (S) by means of a single weft thread insertion means, preferably a gripper mechanism , for each carpet fabric to be woven, are introduced into a predetermined weft thread insertion surface.
    [20]
    A method according to claim 18 or 19, wherein tension warp threads (S1, S2) are moved by the Jacquard machine to generate groups (G) of weft threads that repeatedly appear in each fabric (St1, St2) in such a way that a first group (G1) of weft threads has a first relative positioning of the weft threads (S) thereof with respect to a tension warp thread (S1, S2), and a second group (G2) has a second relative positioning of the weft threads (S) thereof with respect to of a tension warp thread (S1, S2) that differs from the first relative positioning, the first relative positioning and the second relative positioning being substantially mirror-symmetrical with respect to each other with respect to a plane of symmetry (Syl) which is in the weft direction and / or wherein, in the first relative positioning and the second relative positioning, weft threads (S) which are in a first group end region (E1) in the warp direction jn positioned, and weft threads (S) positioned in a second group end region (E2) in the warp direction have a different relative positioning with respect to at least one tension warp thread (S1, S2), with a respective weft thread (S) in relative positioning ) of a group (G) on a pole side (SP) of a tension warp thread (S1, S2) or: positioned on the back (SB) of this tension warp thread (S1, S2).
    [21]
    A method according to any of claims 18 to 20, wherein a floor contact material, preferably latex material, is provided on a backside (SB) of at least one fabric (St1, St2), which preferably engages in the ground fabric (BF) .
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    同族专利:
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    EP2943603B1|2019-03-27|
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    TR201905692T4|2019-05-21|
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    EP13150582|2013-01-09|
    EP131505828|2013-01-09|
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